The Political Economy of Anarchism, Short and Loose


We might define the economic goal of anarchism as the progressive reduction of intermediary steps between the experience of creative, social desire and the expression of that desire into material (social, aesthetic, technical, organic) form.

Thus, the most appropriate anarchist economic projects are those that most readily shift a singular instant of desire into a concrete, transmissible form.

What could this mean, practically?

In production, DIY networks based on the sharing of skills and home-based, decentralized manufacturing technologies.

In distribution, cooperatives and collectives of interested users.

In innovation, participatory design and constant feedback.

In knowledge, the dynamic stability of a community of learners.

Anarchism is often invoked in terms of what it is not, what it is against- the state, big business, private property, imperialism, the conquest of nature, exploitations- but it is difficult to see thereby what it is “for,” or rather upon what we base it.

There is a simple reason for this, that anarchism is based upon a fundamentally alternative logic to that of society as we generally know it. Our world is based on the control of space. Our economy is based on privately held and amassed property. Our politics is based on borders, on regimenting them, on deciding who is allowed to be in group X and who is allowed to be in group Y and what We’re going to do to members of either group; and who We are.

The problem with this type of logic is that it is utterly arbitrary and false, an expedient individually and in terms of society as a whole, a hallucination. There are no boundaries, only vague regions formed by habits of movement and interaction between beings. We invent them.

America, for instance, is based upon space. Boundary lines, all the way down, from landlords to border patrols. We pretend an economy by shifting the ownership of things more than actually producing them.

Anarchism is foundationally tied to time rather than space, and an identity of “movement.” Ontological speed. How much mediation is there between desire and realization? How much distance is there between authority and implementation, between power and action, thought and deed? How wide is the gulf between humanity and nature, men and women, owners and workers, beings and other beings? How can we reduce that gulf so that different beings can interact and create together? How direct, how fast?

The anarchist ideal is a small community of skilled craftspeople, constantly creating as the sun constantly creates light and heat.

Note: as communication technology increases its speed, anarchist forms start to crop up.

Via MonkeyWrench

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Reader Comments

[...] The Political Economy of Anarchism, Short and Loose [...]

Well… Although I appreciate the attempt to theorize an anarchist political economy, I have to disagree with the analysis on at least two points.

1. The identification of anarchism with time rather than space is a Bergsonian move that is rather misleading. While time is the dimension of change, of a future-oriented becoming, which is essential to the conception and practice of a transformative politics, it is also the case that anarchism requires a radical spatiality that escapes the static assumptions of the above theory. Yes, space is extant, but it is also produced. Space is no more given than is the future, and it is equally the domain of struggle. Space is also the condition of possibility of the simultaneity of difference. This means that an anarchist practice needs to explicitly recognize the role of space in our projects if we are to take seriously the existence of difference. Anarchist practice is deeply dependent, not on the marginalization of space, but on the centrality of the project of taking space from authority and producing our own spaces in which multiplicity and equality are facilitated.

2. It is insufficient to posit the goal of an anarchist political economy as the creation of a situation in which alienation is absent. This presupposes an essentialist view of the human condition that positions our work as one of the destruction of hierarchy and the natural rise after said destruction of direct relations. We need Marx for this. The lack of alienation is not the same as the existence of freedom. What needs to be enunciated is a theory of the construction of positive and equitable relations that emerge MATERIALLY out of the rubble of the relations of domination and oppression. The emergence of this relation is by no means natural and is a fully political project. This means the articulation of a thoroughly materialist intersectionality that is adequate to the prefigurative practice of horizontal relations, that can also achieve a systematic critique of existing hierarchies.

If anarchism is a movement ontologically rooted in time rather than in space, then it is truly utopian in the most direct sense of the word, u = no, topia = place. An anarchism that is no-place has no existence in space and therefor does not now exist. If anarchism does not now exist then it cannot engage in the prefigurative politics that are central to its theory. Non-prefigurative anarchism is no different from traditional communism, continually putting off the reality of the crisis of today for the unreachable ‘no-place’ of tomorrow. Additionally, an anarchism whose critique of capitalism is centered around the reduction of alienation will always be an individual enterprise, alienation is a product of the social relations of capitalism, not the cause of inequality. Alienation is one of the individual effects of class society (which also operates along multiple and non-identical trajectories of race, gender, sexuality etc), as such it is not possible to build a truly collective or cooperative alternative based on an individualistic critique. We need to adopt a critique of capital and domination in which the collective processes of systems of domination are regarded alongside the individualizing aspects, otherwise our critique is liberal rather than radical - and that, I think, is something we do not want.